레바논 아랍어 문법 정리 - 정관사(the), 부정관사(a) | Lebanese Arabic Study - Grammar

 

정관사와 부정관사

EL-ism El-Ma'rife (엘-이슴 엘-마리피) / Definite noun

EL-ism En-nakira (엘-이슴 엔-나키라) / Indefinite noun

 

 

'아랍어 단어 형식' 이해하기

• Al-Kalimah (알-칼리마) / The Word
  • Ism (이씀) / Noun   *name이라는 의미를 갖고 있는 단어인데, '명사'로도 쓰인다. / 사물의 이름
  • Fi'l (펠) / Verb
  • Harf (할rf) / Particle 

 

 

"Ism" / Noun 명사

(Names), Nouns, Pronouns Adjectives & Adverbs

•  Examples
  • Nimr (니므르) / Tiger
  • Kteb (크텝) / Book
  • Dubai (두바이) / 도시 이름, '두바이'
  • Yom (욤) / Day
  • Hilo (헬로) / Beautiful
  • Ibrahim (이브라힘) / 선지자
  • Huwwe (후-위) / He

 

 

"Fi'l" / Verb 동사

(Past, Imperfect Tenses: Present, Future, and Imperative)

•  Examples
  • Akal (아칼) / he ate (Past)
  • Yekul (예쿨) / he ests (Present)
  • am Yekul (암 예쿨) / he's eating (Present cont.)
  • Kol (콜) / Eat (Imperative)

 

 

"Harf" / Particel 전치사

(Prepositions, Articles, Prefixes, Conjunctions, and others)

•  Examples
  • W (우) / And
  • La (라) / No
  • Min (민) / From
  • bas (바스) / but
  • ha- / rah (하/라하) / Will

 

 

정관사 El ال (The)

• the book / el-kteb
  • a book / kteb

• the apple / el-tiffeha
  • an apple / tiffeha

• the girl / el-bint
  • a girl / bint
• the girls / el-banet
  • girls / banet
• the farmer / el-falleh
  • a farmer / falleh

 

• a beautiful girl / bint hilwe(빈트 헬위)
  • the beautiful girl / el-bint el-hilwe
  • Life is beautiful / El-hayet hilwe
  • I love books / B-hibb el-kutub(헵 엘-쿠툽)
  • and the books / wi-l-kutub(윌- 쿠툽)

 

 

Sun Letters & Moon Letters

	Sun Letters	Moon Letters
해당 알파벳	ت ث د ذ ر زس ش ص ض ط ظ ل ن	ا ب ج ح خ ع غ ف ق ك م ه و ي
혀의 위치	Front of the mouth	Back of the mouth
규칙	'EL'을 따르지 않고, 샷따(w모양)이 들어간다.	'EL'을 따른다
예시	Esh-shams / Sun	El-qamar / Moon
	Ed-dibb / Bear	El-bet / House

 *A noun is made definite by adding "EL" or by annexing(합병) it to another noun is a genitive(속격) construction.

• Ketb = el-kteb / kteb et-tilmiz(The book of the student)